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Independent States |
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AFGHANISTAN (Dowlat-e Eslami-ye Afghanestan)
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Regime : Transitory
Regime Since 27 September 1996
the members of the afghan government have been
replaced by members of the islamic movement of the
Taliban. Afghanistan has installed no official
government so far, and the country has been divided
between factions in struggle. Legislative
: Non-functioning as of June
1993 |
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ARMENIA (Hayastani Hanrapetut'yun) |
Regime : Republic Robert Sedraki
Kocharyan
- Chief of
State Born : on August 31,
1954 Education : Graduated from
the Yerevan Polytechnic Institute (electrical
engineering). (President since 4 February 1998 - acting to 9
April 1998) The president is elected
by popular vote for a five-year term ; special
election last held 30 March 1998 (next election to
be held March 2003) Andranik Markaryan
- Head of the Government Born : 12 June 1951,
Yerevan, RA Education :
1967-1972 Yerevan Polytechnic Institute Party : HHK
(Hayastani Hanrapetakan Kusaktsutyun / Republican
Party of Armenia) (Prime Minister since 12 May 2000) Prime minister appointed
by the president. Legislative
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AZERBAIJAN (Azarbaycan Respublikasi) |
Regime : Republic Heidar Älirza Oglu
Aliyev
- Chief of
State Born :
on 10-th of may, 1923,
in ancient city of Nakhichevan Education :
Graduated from
Historical Department of Azerbaijan State
University. Party
: YAP (Yeni Azerbaycan
Partiyasi / New Azerbaijan Party) (President since 24 June 1993 - acting to 10
October 1993) President elected by
popular vote to a five-year term ; election last
held 11 October 1998 - ALIYEV reelected
president (next to be held
October 2003) Artur
Rasizade - Head of the
Government Born : 1935 Party
: YAP (Yeni Azerbaycan
Partiyasi / New Azerbaijan Party) (Prime Minister since 20 of July 1996 - acting
to 26 November 1996) Prime minister appointed
by the president and confirmed by the National
Assembly Legislative
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GEORGIA (Sak'art'velo)
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Regime : Republic Eduard Amvrosiyevich
Shevardnadze
- Chief o
State Born
: 25 January, 1928,
village Mamati, Lanchkhuti region, Georgia
Education
: Party Sch. of
Central Cttee Communist Party, Georgia, grad. 1951
; Kutaisi Pedagogical Inst., 1959. Party
: SMK (Sak'art'velos
Mokalaketa Kavshiri / Citizens' Union of Georgian,
centrist) (President since 10 March 1992) {Chairman State Council to 6 November 1992 ;
Chairman Parliament 6 November 1992 - 26 November
1995} The president is both
Chief of State and of the Government. The president is elected
for a five year term by the people ; election last
held 9 April 2000 - Eduard Shevardnadze re-elected
(SMK) with 78,8% (next to be held NA 2004)
Giorgi
Arsenishvili - Secretary of State Born : 1942 in the
village of Khirsa of the Sighnakhi region. Education : 1966 he
graduated from the Tbilisi State University,
Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics, has a degree
in mathematics. In 1970 he completed postgraduate
studies at the Kiev Institute of Mathematics; is a
Doctor of Technical Sciences Party
: SMK (Sak'art'velos
Mokalaketa Kavshiri / Citizens' Union of Georgian,
centrist) (Secretary of State since 2000) Legislative
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KAZAKHSTAN (Qazaqstan Respublikasy) |
Regime : Republic Nursultan Äbishuly
Nazarbayev
- Chief of
State Born : 1940 (President since 24 April 1990) The president is elected
for a seven-year term by the people ; election last
held 10 January 1999, a year before it was
previously scheduled (next to be held NA
2006) Tokayev Kasymzhomart
Kamelevich - Head of the Government Born : on March 2,
1952 in Georgievka village, Zharminsky region,
Semipalatinsk area Education :
Graduated from Semipalatinsk Pedagogical Institute
(1969-1974) and Almaty Institute for National
Economy (1985). Got PhD in Economic Sciences. Party : OTAN
(Republican Party of the Country) (Prime Minister since 1 October 1999 - acting to
12 October 1999) Prime minister appointed
by the president. Legislative
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KYRGYZSTAN (Kyrgyz Respublikasy) |
Regime : Republic Askar Akayevich
Akayev -
Chief of State Born
: November 10, 1944 in
Kyzyl-Bayrak, Kemin raion Education
: Ph.D., Engineering
and Mathematics, Leningrad Institute of Precision
Mechanics and Optics. (President since 28 October 1990) President elected by
popular vote for a five-year term ; elections last
held 24 December 1995 (next to be held NA
2000) Kurmanbek
Bakiyev -
Head of the Government Born : 1948 (Prime Minister since 21
Dec 2000) Party
: (non-partisans,
loyal to the president) Prime minister appointed
by the president. Legislative
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MONGOLIA (Mongol Uls) |
Regime : Republic Natsagiyn
Bagabandi
- Chief of
State Born
: 1950 in Yaruu soum,
Zavkhan Education
: Graduated from the
Refrigeration Junior College in Leningrad, (now St.
Petersburg), USSR in 1972 and the Food Technical
Institute in Odessa, USSR in 1980. He obtained his
M.Sc. degree in philosophy from the Academy of
Social Sciences in Moscow, where he studied from
1984 to 1987. Party
: MAKN (Mongol Ardyn
Khuv'sgatt Nam / Revolutionary People's Party of
Mongolia) (President since 20 June 1997) President nominated by
parties in the State Great Khural and elected by
popular vote for a four-year term ; election last
held 18 May 1997 (next to be held summer
2001) Nambaryn
Enkhbayar - Head of the
Government Born : 1958 Party
: MAKN (Mongol Ardyn
Khuv'sgatt Nam / Revolutionary People's Party of
Mongolia) (Prime Minister since 26 July 2000) Cabinet appointed by the
State Great Khural (Ulsyn Ikh-Khural) in
consultation with the president. Legislative
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TAJIKISTAN (Jumhurii Tojikiston)
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Regime : Republic Imomali Sharipovich
Rakhmonov -
Chief of State Born
: 1952 Party
: HDKT (Hizbi
Demokrati-Khalkii Tojikston / People's Democratic
Party of Tajikistan) (President since 20 of November 1992 - Acting to
27 November 1992) (Chairman Supreme Council 27 November 1992 - 16
November 1994) The president is elected
for a five year term by the people ; election last
held 6 November 1999
[President
Rakhmonov Reelect in 1999 with 96% of the
vote] (next to be held NA
2004) Akil Akilov
- Head of the Government Born : 1944 Party
: HDKT (Hizbi
Demokrati-Khalkii Tojikston / People's Democratic
Party of Tajikistan) (Prime Minister since 20 of December 1999) Prime minister appointed
by the president. Legislative
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TURKMENISTAN (Turkmenistan) |
Regime : Republic Saparmurat A.
Niyazov
- Chief of
State Born
: February 19, 1940,
into a worker's family in Ashgabat. Education :
Graduated from the
Leningrad Polytechnic Institute in 1966 with a
degree in power engineering. Party
: TDP (Democratic
Party of Turkmenistan - only allowed
party) (President and Chairman of the Cabinet of
Ministers since 27 October 1990, when the first
direct presidential election occurred) Also : president
for life by the Mejlis since 28 December 1999 The president is both the
chief of state and head of government. President elected by
popular vote for a five-year term ; election last
held 21 June 1992 (next to be held NA 2002)
Note : In a referendum in
january 1994 it was decided that he will be
president until 2002. In 1999 parliament decided
that he will be president for life. The government
is formed by the TDP. Legislative
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UZBEKISTAN (Uzbekiston Respublikasi) |
Regime Evolution of Soviet civil
law ; still lacks independent judicial
system Islam
Abduganievich
Karimov -
Chief of State Born
: 30th of January,
1938 in Samarkand city. Education
: Graduated from the
Tashkent Institute of National Economy. (President since 24 March
1990 when he was elected president by the then
Supreme Soviet) President elected by
popular vote for a five-year term ; election last
held 9 January 2000 (next to be held NA January
2005) Otkir
Sultonov - Head of the
Government Born : 1939 Party : CDP (Chalk
Demokratik Partijasi / Democratic People's Party,
communist) (Prime Minister since 21 December 1995) Prime minister and all
other ministers appointed by the president.
Legislative
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